KARACHI

KARACHI

v Introduction of karachi

 Karachi (Urdu: کراچی‎; ALA-LC: Karācī, IPA: [kəˈraːtʃi] (About this sound listen); Sindhi: ڪراچي‎) is that the capital of the Pakistani province of Sindh. It is the most populous city in Pakistaand sixth-most-populous city proper in the world. Ranked as a beta world city, the city is Pakistan's premier industrial and financial centre and is considered as the cultural, economic, philanthropic, educational, and political hub of the country. Karachi is also Pakistan's most cosmopolitan city. Situated on the Arabian Sea, Karachi serves as a transport hub, and is home to Pakistan's 2 largest seaports, the Port of Karachi and Port Bin Qasim, as well as the Pakistan's busiest airport, Jinnah International Airport.

Though the Karachi region has been inhabited for millennia,the city was founded as the fortified village of Kolachi in 1729

v Etymology

Karachi was apparently supported in 1729 because the settlement of Kolachi.The new settlement is claimed to possess been named in honour of Mai Kolachi, whose son is said to have slain a man-eating crocodilian reptile within the village once his elder brothers had already been killed by it

v History

 History of city and Timeline of city history

v Early history

Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic sites discovered by a team from Karachi University on the Mulri Hills constitute one of the most important archaeological discoveries made in Sindh during the last 50 years. The earliest inhabitants of the city region area unit believed to possess been hunter-gatherers, with ancient flint tools discovered at many sites. A ocean port known as Barbarikon by the Greeks was located in city.

The Karachi region is believed to have been known to the ancient Greeks. The region could also be the location of Krokola, wherever Alexander the good once camped to arrange a fleet for Babylonia, as well as Morontobara which may possibly be Karachi's Manora neighbourhood.

v Kolachi settlement

Karachi was founded in 1729 as the settlement of Kolachi under the rule of the ethnically Baloch Talpur Mirs of Sindh.The founders of the settlement are said to arrived from the close city of Karak Bandar once the harbour there silted in large integer once serious rains. The settlement was fortified, and defended with cannons foreign by Sindhi sailors from Muscat, Oman. The name Karachee was used for the first time in a Dutch document from 1742, in which a merchant ship de Ridderkerk is shipwrecked near the original settlement.The city continuing to be dominated by the Talpur Mirs till it had been occupied by forces beneath the command of John Keane in February 1839.

v British Raj

The British East Indies Company captured city on three February 1839 once HMS Wellesley opened hearth and quickly destroyed the native mud fort at Manora. The city was annexed to British India in 1843. Later a large part Sindh region was captured by Major General Charles James Napier after the victory in the Battle of Miani, and the city was declared capital of the newly formed Sindh province.

The city was recognized for its strategic importance, prompting British people to ascertain the Port of city in 1854. Karachi rapidly became a transportation hub for British India owing to newly built port and rail infrastructure, as well as the increase in agricultural exports from the opening of productive tracts of recently irrigated land in Punjab and interior Sindh.

v Post-independence

At the dawn of independence following the success of the Pakistan Movement in 1947, Karachi was Sindh's largest city with a population of over 400,000.Despite communal violence across India and Pakistan, city remained comparatively peaceful compared to cities more north in Punjab.The city became the focus for the resettlement of Muslim Muhajirs migrating from India, leading to a dramatic expansion of the city's population. This migration lasted till the Nineteen Sixties.This immigration ultimately remodeled the city's demographics and economy.

v Geography

Karachi is found on the outline of Sindh province in southern Pakistan, on a natural harbour on the sea. Karachi is made on a coastal plains with scattered rocky outcroppings, hills and coastal marshlands. Coastal mangrove forests grow in the brackish waters around the Karachi Harbour, and farther southeast towards the expansive Indus River Delta. West of city town is that the Cape Monze, locally known as Ras Muari, which is an area characterised by sea cliffs, rocky sandstone promontories and undeveloped beaches.

Within the town of city area unit 2 tiny ranges: the Khasa Hills and Mulri Hills, which lie in the northwest and act as a barrier between North Nazimabad Town and Orangi city.Karachi's hills are barren and are part of the larger Kirthar Range, and have a maximum elevation of 528 metres (1,732 feet).

v Climate

Karachi has Associate in Nursing arid climate (Köppen: BWh) dominated by a protracted

Summer Season" whereas tempered by oceanic influence from the sea. The city has low annual average precipitation levels (approx. 250 metric linear unit (10 in) per annum), the bulk of which occurs during the July–August monsoon season. While the summers area unit hot and wet, cool sea breezes typically provide relief during hot summer months, though Karachi is prone to deadly heat waves,though a text-message based early warning system is now in place that helped prevent any fatalities during an unusually strong heatwave in October 2017. The winter climate is dry and lasts between December and February. It is dry and pleasant relative to the warm hot season, which starts in March and lasts until monsoons arrive in June. Proximity to the sea maintains humidity levels at near-constant levels year-round.

v Cityscape

The city 1st developed round the city Harbour, and owes much of its growth to its role as a seaport at the end of the 18th century,contrasted with Pakistan's millennia-old cities such as Lahore, Multan, and Peshawar. Karachi's Mithadar neighbourhood represents the extent of Kolachi before British rule.

British Karachi was divided between the "New Town" and the "Old Town," with British investments focused primarily in the New Town.